A patient's spontaneous speech shows frequent grammatical errors, word-substitution mistakes, and difficulty both understanding what is said to him and producing appropriate responses, in addition to word-finding trouble. Before revealing the answer: is this nominal aphasia?
No, this is more consistent with central aphasia than nominal aphasia. Nominal aphasia requires that grammar and sentence structure remain largely intact, with naming as the single outstanding problem; here, grammar, comprehension, and production are all disturbed together, along with paraphasic errors, which is the defining combination of central aphasia.
References
- Casey, P. & Kelly, B. (2019). Fish's Clinical Psychopathology, 4th ed. Ch. 4, 'Disorders of Thought and Speech'.